Article Sidebar

Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 204 Download : 100

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Main Article Content

Abstract

The lead is highly complex and constantly being released into the atmosphere, mainly from agricultural and industrial activity, which is toxic to animals. The present study was conducted to investigate the lead accumulation in the different organs (blood, liver, kidney, and small intestine), and the histological and biochemical changes in the local geese birds with a comparison between urban and rural regions of the Basrah city. The results the internal organs appeared the highest accumulation of lead, copper, cadmium and zinc in the urban regions. The biochemical parameters showed elevation in liver enzymes (AST, ALT and ALP) and glucose of the blood higher in the urban region compassion with the rural region. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals showed the highest values in the urban regions in the order of liver> small intestine > kidney > brain > blood. The mean of the heavy metals bioaccumulation in the different organs was recorded as Pb > Cu > Zn > Cd at the urban and rural regions. In histological examinations, there were differences in the structure of the liver, kidney and small intestine between urban and rural regions birds, represented by necrosis, degeneration and hypertrophy states. The geese birds in the urban regions showed a high lead accumulation and negative effect on biochemical and tissue values.

Keywords

Toxicity Birds Heavy metals Histopathology

Article Details

License
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

The authors transfer the copyrights of their papers to the Iranian Society of Ichthyology. However, the information could be used in accordance with the Creative Commons licence (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

How to Cite
SADOON, A. H., SHEHAB, Z. A., KAREEM, D. A., & MAJEED, M. F. . (2022). Effect of some heavy metals on accumulation, histological and biochemical changes in local geese: A comparison between urban and rural regions. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology, 9, 216–226. Retrieved from https://ijichthyol.org/index.php/iji/article/view/854
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX

References

  1. Adonaylo, A. & Oteiza, P. 1999. Lead intoxication: Antioxidant and oxidative damage in rat brain. Toxicology 135: 77.
  2. Binkowski, L.J.; Sawicka-Kapusta, K.; Szarek, J.; Strzyżewska, E.; Felsmann, M. 2013. Histopathology of liver and kidneys of wild living Mallards Anas platyrhynchos and Coots Fulica atra with considerable concentrations of lead and cadmium. Science of the Total Environment 450(451): 326-333.
  3. Bokara K.K.; Brown E.; McCormick R.; Yallapragada P.R.; Rajanna S. & Bettaiya R. 2008. Lead-induced increase in antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation products in developing rat brain. Biometals 21: 9-16.
  4. Bokori, J. & Fekete, S. 1995. Complex study of the physiological role of cadmium. I. Cadmium and its physiological role. Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 43: 3-43.
  5. Burger J. & Gochfeld, M. 2016. Habitat, population dynamics, and metal levels in colonial waterbirds: a food chain approach. CRC Press.
  6. Cigankova, V.; Almasiova, V. & Holovska, K. 2010. Morphological changes in duodenal epithelium of Japanese quail after chronic cadmium exposure. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 19(2):275-82
  7. Clark, A.J. & Scheuhammer, A.M. 2003. Lead poisoning in upland-foraging birds of prey in Canada. Ecotoxicology 12: 23-30
  8. Dewanjee, S.; Sahu, R.; Karmakar, S. & Gangopadhyay, M. 2013. Toxic effects of lead exposure in Wistar rats: Involvement of oxidative stress and the beneficial role of edible jute (Corchorus olitorius) leaves. Food and Chemical Toxicology 55: 78-91.
  9. Elezaj, I.; Selimi, Q.; Letaj, K.; Plakiqi, A.; Mehmeti, S.I. & Milaimi, A. 2011. Metal Bioaccumulation, Enzymatic Activity, Total Protein and Hematology of Feral Pigeon (Columba Livia), Living in the Courtyard of Ferronickel Smelter in Drenas. Journal of Chemical Health Risks 1: 01-06.
  10. El-Tantawy, W.H. 2016. Antioxidant effects of Spirulina supplement against lead acetate-induced hepatic injury in rats. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine 6(4): 327-31.
  11. Flora, S.J.S.; Mittal, M. & Mehta, A. 2008. Heavy metal induced oxidative stress & its possible reversal by chelation therapy. Indian Journal of Medical Research 128: 501-523.
  12. Francisco, N.De.; Ruiz Troya, J.D. & Aguera, E.I. 2003. Lead and lead toxicity in domestic and free-living birds. Avian Pathology 32: 3-13.
  13. Gwaltney-Brant, S.M. 2002. Heavy metals. In: W.M. Haschek, C.G. Rousseaux, M.A. Walling (eds.), Handbook of toxicologic pathology, Vol. 1, Academic Press, San Diego. pp: 701-733.
  14. Hesaraki, S.; Gharagozlou, M.J.; Salar Amoli, J.; Bokaee, S. & Javaheri Vaighan, A. 2008. Histopathological and ultrastructural changes of kidneys in response to cadmium chloride toxicity in broiler chicken. Journal of Veterinary Research 4: 281-288.
  15. Hinton, D.E. & Lauren, D.J. 1990. Liver structural alterations accompanying chronic toxicity in fishes: potential biomarkers of exposure. In: McCarty, J.F. & Shigart, L.R. (Eds.), Biomarkers of Environmental Contamination. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton. pp: 15-57.
  16. Hirano, A. & Kochen, J.A. 1975. Some effects of intracerebral lead implantation in the rat. Acta Neuropathologica 30: 307-315.
  17. Holovska, K.; Sobekova, A.; Almaslova, V. & Cigankova, V. 2013. Morphological changes in the liver and the response of antioxidant enzymes after turkey’s chronic exposure to cadmium. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 22(5): 1371-9.
  18. Kalisinska, E. 2000. Lead and other heavy metals in the brain of geese hunted in the vicinity of Slonsk, Poland. Biological Bulletin of Poznań 37: 118 -126.
  19. Lee, B.K.; Kim, J.S.; Ahn, H.J.; Hwang, J.H.; Kim, J.M.; Lee, H.T.; An, B.K. & Kang, C.W. 2010. Changes in hepatic lipid parameters and hepatic messenger ribonucleic acid expression following estradiol administration in laying hens (Gallus domesticus). Poultry Science 89(12): 2660-7.
  20. Lin, J.D.; Lin, P.Y.; Chen, L.M.; Fang, W.H.; Lin, L.P. & Loh C.H. 2010. Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) levels in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilitie 1(1): 172-7.
  21. Lumeij, J.T. 1987. A Contribution to Clinical Investigative Methods for Birds, with Special Reference to the Racing Pigeon (Columbia livia domestica)” [thesis]. Utrecht, Proefschrift
  22. Lumeij, J.T. 1994. Avian clinical enzymology. eminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine 3: 14-24.
  23. Lumeij, J.T.; De Bruijne, J.J. & Slob, A. 1998. Enzyme activities in tissues and elimination half-lives of homologous muscle and liver enzymes in the racing pigeon (Columbia livia domestica). Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 17: 851-864.
  24. Luna, L.G. 1968. Manual of Histologic Staining Methods of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 28-38 p.
  25. Mansouri, B.; Babaei, H. & Hoshyari, E. 2012. Assessment of Trace-Metal Concentrations in Western Reef Heron (Egretta gularis) and Siberian Gull (Larus heuglini) From Southern Iran. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 63: 280-287
  26. Matović, V.; Buha, A.; Duki, C.C.D. & Bulat, Z. 2015. Insight into the oxidative stress induced by lead and/or cadmium in blood, liver and kidneys. Food and Chemical Toxicology 78: 130-140.
  27. McFarland, C.; Bendell Young, L.I.; Guglielmo, C. & Williams, T.D. 2002. Kidney, liver and bone cadmium content in the Western sandpiper in relation to migration. Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 4: 791-5.
  28. Patočka, J. & Černý, K. 2003. Inorganic lead toxicology. Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove). 46(2): 65-72.
  29. Pattee, O.H. & Pain, D.J. 2003. Chapter 15: Lead in the eniverment. In Hoffman, D.J.; Rattner, B.A.; Burton, G.A. & Cairns, Jr. (eds.), Handbook of Ecotoxicology, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, pp. 373-408.
  30. Pavek, T. 2007. Avian Euthanasia. Institutional Animal Cure and Use Committee, Cornell University. 7: 6-8.
  31. Plakiqi, M.A.; Selimi Q.I.; Letaj K. & Trebicka, A. 2015. Lead Effect on Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase Activity of Feral Pigeon (Columba livia) in Drenas. Journal of Chemical Health Risks 5: 245–250
  32. Plakiqi, M.A.; Trebicka, A.; Selimi, Q. & Milaimi A. 2014. Enzymatic Activity and Total Protein of Feral Pigeon (Columba Livia), Living in the Courtyard of Ferronickel Smelter in Drenas. The Department of Biotechnology of the Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, International Conference on Applied Biotechnology, in Tirana, Albania.
  33. Roy Chowdhury, A. 2009. Recent advances in heavy metals induced effect on male reproductive function-A retrospective. Ain Shams Journal of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology 2: 37-42.
  34. Saleh, S. & Meligy, F. 2018. Study on toxic effects of lead acetate on cerebellar cortical tissue of adult albino rats and the role of vitamin e as a protective agent. Ain Shams Journal of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology 31(2): 110-118.
  35. Sanches Chardi, A.; Oliveira Ribeiro, C.A. & Nadal, J. 2009. Metal in liver and kidneys and the effects of chronic exposure to pyrite mine pollution in the shrew Crocidura russula inhabiting the protected wetland of donana. Chemosphere 76: 387-94.
  36. Sarkar, A.; Ravindran, G. & Krishnamurthy, V. 2013. A brief review on the cadmium toxicity: from cellular to organ level. International Journal of Biotechnology Research 3(1): 17-36.
  37. Scheuhammer, A.M. 1987. The chronic toxicity of aluminium, cadmium, mercury, and lead in birds: a review. Environmental Pollution 46(4): 263-95.
  38. Taggart, M.A.; Green A.J. & Mateo R. 2009. Metal levels in the bones and livers of globally threatened marbled teal and white-headed duck from El Hondo, Spain. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 72: 1-9.
  39. Trived,i R.; John, S.; Rathore, N.; Kale, M. & Bhatnagar, D. 1998. Effect of vitamin E on the changes in lead-induced lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in rat tissues. Trace Elements and Electrolytes 15: 200-204.
  40. Verity, M.A. 1997. Toxic disorder. In DI Graham and PL Lantos (eds), Greenfields Neuropathology. Vol. (1) Amold, London. pp: 756-811.