Main Article Content
Abstract
This study presents, a comprehensive dataset that documents and provides a new and updated checklist of the freshwater fishes of the poorly known area of Iran including Makran and Mashkid River basins in the east and south eastern Iran. The list is based on historical literature records and taxon occurrence data obtained as a result of extensive field expeditions, examination of ichthyological collections and literature review. The total confirmed and recently not confirmed freshwater fish species of the Makran and Mashkid basins comprise 28 species in 21 genera, 9 families, 6 orders and one class. The most diverse order is the Cypriniformes with 17 species (60.71%) followed by Gobiiformes with 4 species (14.28%), Cyprinodontiformes (3 species, 10.71%), Perciformes (2 species, 7.14%) and Gonorynchiformes and Mugiliformes each with 1 species (each, 3.57%). New species are supposed to be discovered, the taxonomic status of some species has been changed, some are being resurrected from synonymy, and some taxonomic problems remain and are commented on briefly. Eight endemic species (28.57%) in 4 genera and 4 families; and 5 exotic species (17.85%) in 5 genera and 2 families are listed here. The fish taxa were classified into different major groups based on the fish ichthyogeographical origin, ecoregion and ecological factors (tolerance to salt water and mode of life). The depauperate fauna of these basins is a consequence of lacking the diverse habitat and having semi-desert to desert environment (despite marine connection for Makran basin).
Keywords
Fish diversity
Biogeography
Ichthyogeography
Ecoregion
Endemic
Iran.
Article Details
License
The authors transfer the copyrights of their papers to the Iranian Society of Ichthyology. However, the information could be used in accordance with the Creative Commons licence (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)
How to Cite
ESMAEILI, H. R., KHAJEPANA, A., MEHRABAN, H., ELMI, A., MALEKZEHI, H., & PAZIRA, A. (2015). Fishes of the Mashkid and Makran basins of Iran: an updated checklist and ichthyogeography. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology, 2(2), 113–132. https://doi.org/10.22034/iji.v2i2.36
References
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Esmaeili, H.R.; Coad, B.W.; Mehraban, H.R.; Masoudi, M.; Khaefi, R.; Abbasi, K.; Mostafavi, H. & Vatandoust, S. 2014a. An updated checklist of fishes of the Caspian Sea basin of Iran with a note on their zoogeography. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 1: 152-184.
Esmaeili, H.R.; Sayyadzadeh, G.; Özuluğ, M.; Geiger, M. & Freyhof, J. 2014b. Three new species of Turcinoemacheilus from Iran and Turkey (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 24: 257-273.
Esmaeili, H.R.; Teimory, A.; Owfi, F.; Abbasi, K. & Coad B.W. 2014c. Alien and invasive freshwater fish species in Iran: Diversity, environmental impacts and management. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 1(2): 62-72.
Esmaeili, H.R.; Teimory, A.; Gholami, Z. & Reichenbacher, B. 2014d. Two new species of the tooth-carp Aphanius (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae) and the evolutionary history of the Iranian inland and inland-related Aphanius species. Zootaxa 3786(3): 246-268.
Esmaeili, H.R.; Teimori, A.; Sayyadzadeh, G.; Masoudi, M. & Reichenbacher B. 2014e. Phylogenetic relationships of the tooth-carp Aphanius (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae) in the river systems of southern and south-western Iran based on mtDNA sequences. Zoology in the Middle East 60 (1): 29-38.
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Esmaeili, H.R.; Coad, B.W.; Mehraban, H.R.; Masoudi, M.; Khaefi, R.; Abbasi, K.; Mostafavi, H. & Vatandoust, S. 2014a. An updated checklist of fishes of the Caspian Sea basin of Iran with a note on their zoogeography. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 1: 152-184.
Esmaeili, H.R.; Sayyadzadeh, G.; Özuluğ, M.; Geiger, M. & Freyhof, J. 2014b. Three new species of Turcinoemacheilus from Iran and Turkey (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 24: 257-273.
Esmaeili, H.R.; Teimory, A.; Owfi, F.; Abbasi, K. & Coad B.W. 2014c. Alien and invasive freshwater fish species in Iran: Diversity, environmental impacts and management. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 1(2): 62-72.
Esmaeili, H.R.; Teimory, A.; Gholami, Z. & Reichenbacher, B. 2014d. Two new species of the tooth-carp Aphanius (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae) and the evolutionary history of the Iranian inland and inland-related Aphanius species. Zootaxa 3786(3): 246-268.
Esmaeili, H.R.; Teimori, A.; Sayyadzadeh, G.; Masoudi, M. & Reichenbacher B. 2014e. Phylogenetic relationships of the tooth-carp Aphanius (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae) in the river systems of southern and south-western Iran based on mtDNA sequences. Zoology in the Middle East 60 (1): 29-38.
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Freyhof, J.; Erk’akan, F.; Özeren, C. & Perdices, A. 2011. An overview of the western Palaearctic loach genus Oxynoemacheilus (Teloestei: Nemacheilidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 22(4): 301-312
Freyhof, J.; Esmaeili, H.R; Sayyadzadeh, G. & Geiger, M. 2014. Review of the crested loaches of the genus Paracobitis from Iran and Iraq with the description of four new species (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 25(1): 11-38.
Gholami, Z.; Esmaeili, H.R.; Erpenbeck, D. & Reichenbacher, B. 2014. Phylogenetic analysis of Aphanius from the endorheic Kor River Basin in the Zagros Mountains, South-western Iran (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Cyprinodontidae). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 52: 130.
Golzarianpour, K.; Abdoli, A.; Patimar, R. & Freyhof, J. 2013. Turcinoemacheilus hafezi, a new loach from the Zagroz Mountains, Iran (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 24: 41-48.
Hashemzadeh Segherloo, I.; Abdoli, A.; Eagderi, E.; Esmaeili, H.R.; Bernatchez, L.; Hallerman, E.; Geiger, M.F.; Özulug, M. & Freyhof, J. 2015. Dressing down: Multiple reduction of the mental disc in the labeonine genus Garra in the Middle East (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Submitted.
Heckel, J.J. 1843a. Abbildungen und Beschreibungen der Fische Syriens nebst einer neuen Classification und Characteristik sämmtlicher Gattungen der Cyprinen. Stuttgart.
Heckel, J.J. 1843b. Ichthyologie. In: Russegger, J. (Ed), Reisen in Europa, Asien und Afrika, mit besonderer Rücksicht auf die naturwissenschaftlichen Verhältnisse der betreffenden Länder, unternommen in den Jahren 1835 bis 1841 von Joseph Russegger. Schweitzerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart.
Heckel, J.J. 1846-1849a. Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Russegger, J. (Ed), Reisen in Europa, Asien und Afrika, mit besonderer Rücksicht auf die naturwissenschaftlichen Verhältnisse der betreffenden Länder, unternommen in den Jahren 1835 bis 1841 von Joseph Russegger. Schweitzerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart 2(3): 207-254.
Heckel, J.J. 1846-1849b. Anhang. Die Fische Persiens gesammelt von Theodor Kotschy. In: Russegger, J. (Ed), Reisen in Europa, Asien und Afrika, mit besonderer Rücksicht auf die naturwissenschaftlichen Verhältnisse der betreffenden Länder, unternommen in den Jahren 1835 bis 1841 von Joseph Russegger. Schweitzerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart 2(3): 255-272.
Heckel, J.J. 1846-1849c. Nachtrag zur Charakteristik und Classifikation der Cyprineen-Gattungen. In: Russegger, J. (Ed), Reisen in Europa, Asien und Afrika, mit besonderer Rücksicht auf die naturwissenschaftlichen Verhältnisse der betreffenden Länder, unternommen in den Jahren 1835 bis 1841 von Joseph Russegger. Schweitzerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart 2(3): 273-290.
Heckel, J.J. 1846–1849d. Index. Addenda et Corrigenda. In: Russegger, J. (Ed), Reisen in Europa, Asien und Afrika, mit besonderer Rücksicht auf die naturwissenschaftlichen Verhältnisse der betreffenden Länder, unternommen in den Jahren 1835 bis 1841 von Joseph Russegger. Schweitzerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart 2(3): 347-360.
Howes, G. 1982. Anatomy and evolution of the jaws in the semiplotine carps with a review of the genus Cyprinion Heckel, 1843 (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology 42: 299-335.
Kalous, L.; Bohlen, J.; Rylková, K. & Petrtýl, M. 2012. Hidden diversity within the Prussian carp and designation of a neotype for Carassius gibelio (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 1: 11-18.
Karaman, M.S. 1971. Süßwasserfische der Türkei. 8. Teil. Revision der Barben Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas. Mitteilungen aus dem hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut 67: 175-254.
Kessler, K. 1877. Ryby, vodyaschiesya i vstrechayushchiyesya v Aralo-Kaspiysko-Ponti-yskoy ikhtiologicheskoy oblasti [Fishes of the Aralo-Caspio-Pontian region]. Trudy Aralo-Kaspiyskoy Ekspeditsii, 4. xxviii+ 360 pp. In Russian.
Keyserling, E. 1861. Neue Cypriniden aus Persien. Zeitschrift für die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften, Halle 17(1): 1-24.
Keyserling, E. 1863. Neue Cypriniden. Nouveaux cyprinides de la Perse. Revue et Magazine de Zoologie 15: 419-422. In French.
Keivany, Y. & Esmaeili, H.R. 2014. Threatened fishes of the world: Aphanius pluristriatus (Jenkins, 1910) (Cyprinodontidae). International Journal of Ichthyology 20 (2): 67-72.
Kottelat, M. & Freyhof, J. 2007. Handbook of European Freshwater Fishes. Kottelat, Cornol, Switzerland and Freyhof, Berlin, Germany, xiii + 646 pp.
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