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Abstract
Length-frequency distributions (LFDs), length-weight relationships (LWRs), length-length relationships (LLRs), and condition factors of Periophthalmus barbarus were studied from the Old Bakana Creek, Rivers State, Nigeria. This research was conducted from June to November 2023 at three sampling sites using the purposive sampling technique. A total of 267 specimens of P. barbarus were collected for this investigation. Results revealed that the length frequency distribution (LFD) of P. barbarus exhibited a unimodal type distribution with a mean value of 8.74±1.505. The mean total length ranged from 9.01±1.42 to 12.06±0.84cm. The mean weight ranged from 7.18±3.03 to 13.89±3.48g. The b value (b= 2.07) for the P. barbarus population in the LWR specified negative allometric growth. All LLRs were highly correlated with coefficient of determination values ≥0.90, and the b value ranged from 0.81 to 0.87. The mean Fulton’s condition factors values varied between 0.64±0.16 and 0.94±0.11. The relationships of condition factors with total length of P. barbarus were statistically significant from September to November, while condition factors recorded for July and August were found statistically significant with the body weight (P<0.01). Thus, the aforementioned findings provide some valuable information for policymakers in the move towards restoration, species conservation, and effectively management of P. barbarus natural stock.
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References
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- Ansari, A. A.; Trivedi, S.; Saggu, S. & Rehman, H. 2014. Mudskipper: A biological indicator for environmental monitoring and assessment of coastal waters. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2(6): 22-33.
- Aranz, I; Brucet, S.; Bartrons, M.; GarcíaComas, C.; Benejam, L. & Garcia – Comas, C. 2021. Fish size spectra are affected by nutrient concentration and relative abundance of non-native species across streams of the NE Iberian Peninsula. Science of the Total Environment 795: 148792
- Blackwell, B.G.; Brown, M.L. & Willis, D. W. 2000. Relative weight (Wr) status and current use in fisheries assessment and management. Reviews in Fisheries Science 8(1): 1-44.
- Clayton, D.A. 1993. Mudskippers. Oceanography and Marine Biology Annual Review 31: 507-577.
- Etim, L.; King, R.P. & Udo, M.T. 2002. Breeding, Growth, Mortality and Yield of the Mudskipper, Periophthalmus barbarus (Linneaus 1766) (Teleostei; Gobiidae) in the Imo River Estuary, Nigeria. Fisheries Research 56(3): 227 – 238.
- FAO, 1990. Field Guide to Commercial Marine Resources of the Gulf of Guinea. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy, pp: 265.
- Ferreira, C.P.; Lima, D.; Paiva, R.; Vilke, J.M.; Mattos, J.J.; Almeida, E.A. & Lüchmann, K.H. 2019. Metal bioaccumulation, oxidative stress and antioxidant responses in oysters Crassostrea gasar transplanted to an estuary in southern Brazil. Science of the Total Environment 685: 332-344.
- Fishbase. 2018. Fish Identification: Find Species. Retrieved from https://www.fishbase.se/identification/SpeciesList.php?genus=Periophthalmus Accessed 11 August 2024.
- Fricke, R.; Eschmeyer, W. & Fong, J.D. 2022. Eschmeyer’s catalog of fishes. San Francisco: Institute for Biodiversity Science and Sustainability, Online Version.
- Froese, R. & Pauly, D. 2024. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org, Accessed 11 August 2024.
- Froese, R. 2006. Cube law, condition factor and weight length relationship: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 22(4): 241-253
- Hasan, M.R.; Mamun, A.A. &. Hossain, M.Y. 2021. Biometric indices of eleven mangrove fish species from southwest Bangladesh. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research. 47(2): 207-213.
- Harrison, I.J.; Miller, P.J. &. Pezold, F. 2008. Gobiidae. p. 492-544. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G. Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume 2 / Poissons d’eaux douces et saumâtres de basse Guinée, ouest de l’Afrique centrale. Volume 2. Collection Faune et Flore Tropicales 42. Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris (France), Musée Royal de l’Afrique Central, Tervuren (Belgium), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris (France). 603 p.
- Gadhavi, M.K.; Kukadia, Dar, D.S.; Gokulakkannan, N.; Talukdar, G.; Sivakumar, K. & Gopi, G.V. 2017. Indigenous techniques of catching mudskipper in Bhavnagar and Bharuch districts, Gujarat. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge 16(3): 533-538.
- Kanejiya, J. R.; Solanki, D. A. & Gohil, B. M. 2017. Distribution of mudskippers in the mudflats of Hathab Coast, Gujarat, India. Cibtech Journal of Zoology 6(2): 1-9.
- King R.P. 1994. Seasonal dynamics in the trophic status of Papyrocranus afer (Gunter, 1868) (Notopteridae) in a Nigerian Rainforest Stream. Revue d'hydrobiologie tropicale 27(2): 143-55. 35.
- Kumaraguru, A.; Mary, R.C. & Saisaraswathi, V. 2020. A review about fish walking on land. Journal Threat Taxa 12: 17276-17286.
- Laurat, H.T.; Isiyaku, M.S. & Akange, E.T. 2019. Length-weight relationship and condition factor of Oreochromis niloticus and Citharinus citharus in lower River Benue, Nigeria. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 7(6): 21-25.
- Lawson, E.O. 2011. Length-weight relationships and fecundity estimates in Mudskipper, Periophthalmus papilio. (Bloch and Schneider) caught from the mangrove swamps of Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 6: 264-271.
- Marques, D da S.; Costa, P.G.; Souza, G.M.; Cardozo, J.G.; Barcarolli, I.F. & Bianchini, A. 2019. Selection of biochemical and physiological parameters in the croaker Micropogonias furnieri as biomarkers of chemical contamination in estuaries using a generalized additive model (GAM). Science of the Total Environment 647: 1456-1467.
- Moslen, M. & Daka, E.R. 2017. Length-weight relationship and condition factor of Periopthalmus papilio (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) obtained from a tidal creek in the Bonny Estuary, Nigeria. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 1(1): 1-4.
- Muchlisin, Z.A.; Musman, M. & Siti-Azizah, M.N. 2010. Length-weight relationships and condition factors of two threatened fishes, Rasbora tawarensis and Poropuntius tawarensis, endemic to Lake Laut Tawar, Aceh Province, Indonesia. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 26(6): 949-953
- Pathak, B.C. & Serajuddin, M.A. 2015.Comparative study of Length-weight Relationship and condition factor of lesser spiny Eel, Macrognathus aculeatus (Bloach) from the different river basins of India. World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences 7(2): 82-86..
- Quang, D.M. 2016. Growth and body condition variation of the giant mudskipper Periophthalmodon schlosseri in dry and wet seasons. Academia Journal of Biology 38(3): 352-358.
- Rahman, M.A.; Hossain, M.A.; Ullah, M.R. & Iqbal, M.M. 2020. Reproductive biology of Gagora catfish (Arius gagora) at Meghna river system, Kushiara River, Bangladesh. International Journal of Aquatic Biology 8(6): 383-395.
- Ricker, W.E. 1973. Linear regressions in fishery research. Journal of the fisheries board of Canada 30(3): 409-434.
- Saha, N.; Ullah, M.R.; Islam, M.S. & Hossain, M.B. 2019. Morphometric relationships between length-weight and length-length and condition factor of four small indigenous fishes from the Payra River, southern Bangladesh. Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 4(2): 230-234.
- Saha, N.; Rakib, M.H.; Mredul, M.M.H.; Rahman, M.A. & Ahamed, F. 2021. Life history traits of the Gangetic scissortail rasbora, Rasbora rasbora (Hamilton, 1822) in the Payra River, southern Bangladesh. Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences 14(1): 129-135.
- Santoso H.B.; Suhartono, E.; Yunita, R. & Biyatmoko, D. 2020. Mudskipper Fish as a Bio-indicator for Heavy Metals Pollution in a Coastal Wetland. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology & Fisheries 24(7): 1073 – 1095
- Shalloof, K.A.S. & El-Far, A.M. 2017. Length weight relationship and condition factor of some fishes from the River Nile in Egypt with special reference to four tilapia species. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 21(2): 33-46.
- Shirani, M.; Mirvaghefi, A.; Farahmand, H. & Abdollahi, M. 2012. EROD & GST Responses in Liver of Mudskipper Periophthalmus waltoni at Oil Polluted Areas. International Conference on Ecological, Environmental and Biological Sciences b; (June 2011): 2011-2013.
- Siddique, M.A.M.; Hossain, M.S.; Udin, A. & Islam, M.J. 2021. Size frequency, LWRs, LLRs, and Fulton’s condition factor of Burmese gobyeel, Taenioides buchanani (Day, 1873), collected from the Hatiya Island, Meghna River estuary, Bangladesh. Fisheries & Aquatic Life 29: 223-229.
- Sunarni, S.; Melmambessy, E.H.; Mote, N.; Rahmatia, R. & Hamuna, B. 2019. Length-weight relationship and condition factor of mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris from Maro Estuary, Meurauke Regency Papua. Journal of Ecological Engineering 20(8): 199-204.
- Tesch, F.W. 1970. Age and Growth, in: W.E. Ricker (Ed.), Methods for Assessment of Fish Production in Fresh Waters, Blackwell Scientific Publications, pp. 99-130.
- Tran, L.T. & Dinh, Q.M. 2020. Population dynamic of Periophthalmodon septemradiatus (Hamilton, 1822) living along the Hau River, Vietnam. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 24(3): 97-107.
- Ujjania, N.C.; Kohli, M.P.S. & Sharma, L.L. 2012. Length-weight relationship and condition factors of Indian major carps (C. catla, L. rohita and C. mrigala) in Mahi Bajaj Sagar, India. Research Journal of Biology 2(1): 30-36.
- Zhang, Z.; Pei, N.; Sun, Y.; Li, J.; Li, X.; Yu, S. & Mai, B. (2019). Halogenated organic pollutants in sediments and organisms from mangrove wetlands of the Jiulong River Estuary, South China. Environmental Research 171: 145-152.
- Zargar, U.R.; Yousuf, A.R.; Mushtaq, B. & Jan, D. 2012. Length–weight relationship of the Crucian carp, Carassius carassius in relation to water quality, sex and season in some lentic water bodies of Kashmir Himalayas. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 12(3): 638-689.
References
Alam, M.M.; Galib, S.M.; Islam, M.M.; Flowra, F.A. & Hussain, M.A. 2012. Morphometric study of the wild population of pool barb Puntius sophore (Hamilton, 1822) in the River Padma, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Trends in Fisheries Research 1(2): 10-13.
Ansari, A. A.; Trivedi, S.; Saggu, S. & Rehman, H. 2014. Mudskipper: A biological indicator for environmental monitoring and assessment of coastal waters. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2(6): 22-33.
Aranz, I; Brucet, S.; Bartrons, M.; GarcíaComas, C.; Benejam, L. & Garcia – Comas, C. 2021. Fish size spectra are affected by nutrient concentration and relative abundance of non-native species across streams of the NE Iberian Peninsula. Science of the Total Environment 795: 148792
Blackwell, B.G.; Brown, M.L. & Willis, D. W. 2000. Relative weight (Wr) status and current use in fisheries assessment and management. Reviews in Fisheries Science 8(1): 1-44.
Clayton, D.A. 1993. Mudskippers. Oceanography and Marine Biology Annual Review 31: 507-577.
Etim, L.; King, R.P. & Udo, M.T. 2002. Breeding, Growth, Mortality and Yield of the Mudskipper, Periophthalmus barbarus (Linneaus 1766) (Teleostei; Gobiidae) in the Imo River Estuary, Nigeria. Fisheries Research 56(3): 227 – 238.
FAO, 1990. Field Guide to Commercial Marine Resources of the Gulf of Guinea. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy, pp: 265.
Ferreira, C.P.; Lima, D.; Paiva, R.; Vilke, J.M.; Mattos, J.J.; Almeida, E.A. & Lüchmann, K.H. 2019. Metal bioaccumulation, oxidative stress and antioxidant responses in oysters Crassostrea gasar transplanted to an estuary in southern Brazil. Science of the Total Environment 685: 332-344.
Fishbase. 2018. Fish Identification: Find Species. Retrieved from https://www.fishbase.se/identification/SpeciesList.php?genus=Periophthalmus Accessed 11 August 2024.
Fricke, R.; Eschmeyer, W. & Fong, J.D. 2022. Eschmeyer’s catalog of fishes. San Francisco: Institute for Biodiversity Science and Sustainability, Online Version.
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. 2024. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org, Accessed 11 August 2024.
Froese, R. 2006. Cube law, condition factor and weight length relationship: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 22(4): 241-253
Hasan, M.R.; Mamun, A.A. &. Hossain, M.Y. 2021. Biometric indices of eleven mangrove fish species from southwest Bangladesh. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research. 47(2): 207-213.
Harrison, I.J.; Miller, P.J. &. Pezold, F. 2008. Gobiidae. p. 492-544. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G. Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume 2 / Poissons d’eaux douces et saumâtres de basse Guinée, ouest de l’Afrique centrale. Volume 2. Collection Faune et Flore Tropicales 42. Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris (France), Musée Royal de l’Afrique Central, Tervuren (Belgium), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris (France). 603 p.
Gadhavi, M.K.; Kukadia, Dar, D.S.; Gokulakkannan, N.; Talukdar, G.; Sivakumar, K. & Gopi, G.V. 2017. Indigenous techniques of catching mudskipper in Bhavnagar and Bharuch districts, Gujarat. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge 16(3): 533-538.
Kanejiya, J. R.; Solanki, D. A. & Gohil, B. M. 2017. Distribution of mudskippers in the mudflats of Hathab Coast, Gujarat, India. Cibtech Journal of Zoology 6(2): 1-9.
King R.P. 1994. Seasonal dynamics in the trophic status of Papyrocranus afer (Gunter, 1868) (Notopteridae) in a Nigerian Rainforest Stream. Revue d'hydrobiologie tropicale 27(2): 143-55. 35.
Kumaraguru, A.; Mary, R.C. & Saisaraswathi, V. 2020. A review about fish walking on land. Journal Threat Taxa 12: 17276-17286.
Laurat, H.T.; Isiyaku, M.S. & Akange, E.T. 2019. Length-weight relationship and condition factor of Oreochromis niloticus and Citharinus citharus in lower River Benue, Nigeria. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 7(6): 21-25.
Lawson, E.O. 2011. Length-weight relationships and fecundity estimates in Mudskipper, Periophthalmus papilio. (Bloch and Schneider) caught from the mangrove swamps of Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 6: 264-271.
Marques, D da S.; Costa, P.G.; Souza, G.M.; Cardozo, J.G.; Barcarolli, I.F. & Bianchini, A. 2019. Selection of biochemical and physiological parameters in the croaker Micropogonias furnieri as biomarkers of chemical contamination in estuaries using a generalized additive model (GAM). Science of the Total Environment 647: 1456-1467.
Moslen, M. & Daka, E.R. 2017. Length-weight relationship and condition factor of Periopthalmus papilio (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) obtained from a tidal creek in the Bonny Estuary, Nigeria. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 1(1): 1-4.
Muchlisin, Z.A.; Musman, M. & Siti-Azizah, M.N. 2010. Length-weight relationships and condition factors of two threatened fishes, Rasbora tawarensis and Poropuntius tawarensis, endemic to Lake Laut Tawar, Aceh Province, Indonesia. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 26(6): 949-953
Pathak, B.C. & Serajuddin, M.A. 2015.Comparative study of Length-weight Relationship and condition factor of lesser spiny Eel, Macrognathus aculeatus (Bloach) from the different river basins of India. World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences 7(2): 82-86..
Quang, D.M. 2016. Growth and body condition variation of the giant mudskipper Periophthalmodon schlosseri in dry and wet seasons. Academia Journal of Biology 38(3): 352-358.
Rahman, M.A.; Hossain, M.A.; Ullah, M.R. & Iqbal, M.M. 2020. Reproductive biology of Gagora catfish (Arius gagora) at Meghna river system, Kushiara River, Bangladesh. International Journal of Aquatic Biology 8(6): 383-395.
Ricker, W.E. 1973. Linear regressions in fishery research. Journal of the fisheries board of Canada 30(3): 409-434.
Saha, N.; Ullah, M.R.; Islam, M.S. & Hossain, M.B. 2019. Morphometric relationships between length-weight and length-length and condition factor of four small indigenous fishes from the Payra River, southern Bangladesh. Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 4(2): 230-234.
Saha, N.; Rakib, M.H.; Mredul, M.M.H.; Rahman, M.A. & Ahamed, F. 2021. Life history traits of the Gangetic scissortail rasbora, Rasbora rasbora (Hamilton, 1822) in the Payra River, southern Bangladesh. Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences 14(1): 129-135.
Santoso H.B.; Suhartono, E.; Yunita, R. & Biyatmoko, D. 2020. Mudskipper Fish as a Bio-indicator for Heavy Metals Pollution in a Coastal Wetland. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology & Fisheries 24(7): 1073 – 1095
Shalloof, K.A.S. & El-Far, A.M. 2017. Length weight relationship and condition factor of some fishes from the River Nile in Egypt with special reference to four tilapia species. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 21(2): 33-46.
Shirani, M.; Mirvaghefi, A.; Farahmand, H. & Abdollahi, M. 2012. EROD & GST Responses in Liver of Mudskipper Periophthalmus waltoni at Oil Polluted Areas. International Conference on Ecological, Environmental and Biological Sciences b; (June 2011): 2011-2013.
Siddique, M.A.M.; Hossain, M.S.; Udin, A. & Islam, M.J. 2021. Size frequency, LWRs, LLRs, and Fulton’s condition factor of Burmese gobyeel, Taenioides buchanani (Day, 1873), collected from the Hatiya Island, Meghna River estuary, Bangladesh. Fisheries & Aquatic Life 29: 223-229.
Sunarni, S.; Melmambessy, E.H.; Mote, N.; Rahmatia, R. & Hamuna, B. 2019. Length-weight relationship and condition factor of mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris from Maro Estuary, Meurauke Regency Papua. Journal of Ecological Engineering 20(8): 199-204.
Tesch, F.W. 1970. Age and Growth, in: W.E. Ricker (Ed.), Methods for Assessment of Fish Production in Fresh Waters, Blackwell Scientific Publications, pp. 99-130.
Tran, L.T. & Dinh, Q.M. 2020. Population dynamic of Periophthalmodon septemradiatus (Hamilton, 1822) living along the Hau River, Vietnam. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 24(3): 97-107.
Ujjania, N.C.; Kohli, M.P.S. & Sharma, L.L. 2012. Length-weight relationship and condition factors of Indian major carps (C. catla, L. rohita and C. mrigala) in Mahi Bajaj Sagar, India. Research Journal of Biology 2(1): 30-36.
Zhang, Z.; Pei, N.; Sun, Y.; Li, J.; Li, X.; Yu, S. & Mai, B. (2019). Halogenated organic pollutants in sediments and organisms from mangrove wetlands of the Jiulong River Estuary, South China. Environmental Research 171: 145-152.
Zargar, U.R.; Yousuf, A.R.; Mushtaq, B. & Jan, D. 2012. Length–weight relationship of the Crucian carp, Carassius carassius in relation to water quality, sex and season in some lentic water bodies of Kashmir Himalayas. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 12(3): 638-689.

