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Abstract

Immunostimulants play a crucial role in activating nonspecific defense mechanisms that protect fish against pathogens and are valuable for controlling fish diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Hypericum perforatum powder on immunological responses, biochemical parameters, hepatic enzymes levels, and resistance against Yeserina ruckeri in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish with an average weight of 5±1g were fed a diet supplemented with a powder of H. perforatum at doses of 0 (control), 0.5% (H0.5%), 1% (H1%), 2% (H2%), and 4% (H4%) for 8 weeks. At the end of 8 weeks, fish were challenged with  Y. ruckeri, and mortality was recorded for up to 10 days after the challenge. Immunological (lysozyme and alternative complement activity) and biochemical (glucose, total protein, albumin and globulin) parameters, and hepatic enzymes levels (LDH, AST, ALT and ALP) were measured before and after challenge. Result showed that supplementation with H. perforatum significantly increased serum lysozyme, complement activity, and albumin levels (P<0.05) and reduced glucose levels in the treatment groups (per-challenge and post-challenge) compared with the control (P<0.05). However, AST and LDH levels were significantly increased in the H2% and H4% groups compared with the control (P<0.05). After challenge, the highest survival rates were recorded in groups that received 0.5%, 1%, and 2% H. perforatum compared with the control (P<0.05). The Results of the present study demonstrated that feeding Oncorhynchus mykiss a diet containing H. perforatum powder at lower dose (0.5% and 1%) improved the immune status, and increased the survival rate and resistance to yersiniosis. Therefore, this plant can be used in aquaculture to improve fish health, reduce mortality, and increase production efficiency.

Keywords

Medicinal plants Lysozyme Complement Yersiniosis Hypericum perforatum Aquaculture

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The authors transfer the copyrights of their papers to the Iranian Society of Ichthyology. However, the information could be used in accordance with the Creative Commons licence (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

How to Cite
TABASINEZHAD, N., FIROUZBAKHSH, F., & JANI-KHALILI, K. (2024). Effects of <i>Hypericum perforatum</i> powder on immune responses, hepatic enzymes levels, and resistance against <i>Yersinia ruckeri</i> in rainbow trout. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology, 11(4), 256–266. https://doi.org/10.22034/iji.v11i4.1041
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